Surface Equipment - Maintenance and Operation

This is a comprehensive course aims at providing participants with working knowledge in the design considerations., operation and troubleshooting of all processes & equipment used for the handling & treatment of liquid and gaseous effluents coming out from the oil wellheads through gathering centers & booster stations to transmission lines.

Course Objectives

Upon successful completion of this course, the delegates will be able to:

• Define the properties of the oil well products & effluents & their discharge environment constraints
• Learn the principles of gaseous & liquid types flow and to relate these principles to the necessary piping systems designing & materials
• Be aware of well technology, equipment / manifold and artificial lift including the principles of pumps, compressors, separators, heat exchangers & valves
• Understand the fundamental principles of processes in gathering centers such as oil /gas/water separation, well testing, water injection, produced water treatment, gas dehydration and sweetening
• Review the appropriate instrumentation and automatic. Control of all these processes and other necessary equipment such as flare system, drains, blowdown, compression, condensate recovery & meeting

Course Outline

Day 1

Wellhead effluents properties & specifications:

• Crude oil
• Associated gas
• Water discharged

Other effluents discharged to environment:

• Gas flaring
• Produced water
• Displacement water
• Cooling water
• Drill cuttings
• Drain & Water

Wellhead Equipment:

• Function
• Safety valves
• Christmas tree
• Chokes
• Operation - Multiple orifices
• Operation - Rotary Choke
• Safety

Day 2

Fluid flow:

• Physical properties of hydrocarbon fluids
• Evaluation of friction losses
• Piping & low lines design
• Mam-folds
• Flow rates & pressures - Artificial left

Gas Oil Separation:

• The need to separate gases from crude oil
• Demonstration of the separation problem
• Basic concepts underlying gas-oil separation
• Separation Equipment
• Design calculations for sizing gas-oil separators
• Optimum separating pressure for gas-oil separators
• Selection and performance of gas-oil separators

Treatment of Crude Oil - Dehydration:

• Forms of water associated with produced oil
• Water-oil emulsions
• Treatment of "Wet" crude oil

Day 3

Desalting of Crude Oil:

• Introduction
• Amount of salt and quantity of water found with crude oil
• The arithmetic relationship between volume % of remnant water, its salinity (ppm) and salt content (PTB)
• The desalting process
• Process design considerations

Dual-Purpose Operation: Stabilization and Sweetening of Crude Oil:

• Importance of stabilizing crude oil before storage
• Stabilization of crude oil using fractionation

Storage of Crude Oil and Other Field Facilities:

• Oil storage
• Vapor recovery system
• Pipeline gathering schemes

Day 4

Field Processing and Treatment of Natural Gas:

• Introduction
• Types of gas reservoirs
• Gas specifications and standard conditions
• Dehydration
• Gas sweetening
• Liquid hydrocarbons recovery

Production Operations Equipment:

• Pumps
• Compressors
• Separators
• Heat exchangers

Auxiliary Systems & Utilities:

• Flame Systems
• Drains
• Relief
• Blowdown
• Water supply & Discharge Systems
• Fire fighting
• Instrument air
• Invert gas
• Fuel Gas System
• Chemical Injection
• Power Generation
• Booster Stations

Day 5

Control Systems:

• What to be controlled?
• Types of Control Systems
• Total Distributed Control System
• Automatic / Manual Control

Case Studies/Troubleshooting:

Course Methodology

A variety of methodologies will be used during the course that includes:

• (30%) Based on Case Studies
• (30%) Techniques
• (30%) Role Play
• (10%) Concepts
• Pre-test and Post-test
• Variety of Learning Methods
• Lectures
• Case Studies and Self Questionaires
• Group Work
• Discussion
• Presentation